Treatise on the Love of God by St. Francis de Sales

Translator’s Introduction v-xxxiii
The Author’s Dedicatory Prayer 1
The Preface 3
BOOK I.
CONTAINING A PREPARATION FOR THE WHOLE TREATISE.
I. That for the beauty of human nature God has given the government of all the faculties of the soul to the will 17
II. How the will variously governs the powers of the soul 19
III. How the will governs the sensual appetite 21
IV. That love rules over all the affections and passions, and even governs the will, although the will has also a dominion over it 24
V. Of the affections of the will 26
VI. How the love of God has dominion over other loves 29
VII. Description of love in general 30
VIII. What kind of affinity (convenance) it is which excites love 35
IX. That love tends to union 37
X. That the union to which love aspires is spiritual 39
XI. That there are two portions in the soul, and how 45
XII. That in these two portions of the soul there are four different degrees of reason 48
XIII. On the difference of loves 51
XIV. That charity may be named love 52
XV. Of the affinity there is between God and man 54
XVI. That we have a natural inclination to love God above all things 56
XVII. That we have not naturally the power to love God above all things 58
XVIII. That the natural inclination which we have to love God is not useless 61
BOOK II.
THE HISTORY OF THE GENERATION AND HEAVENLY BIRTH OF DIVINE LOVE.
I. That the divine perfections are only a single but infinite perfection 63
II. That in God there is but one only act, which is his own divinity 66
III. Of the divine providence in general 69
IV. Of the supernatural providence which God uses towards reasonable creatures 73
V. That heavenly providence has provided men with a most abundant redemption 76
VI. Of certain special favours exercised by the divine providence in the redemption of man 78
VII. How admirable the divine providence is in the diversity of graces given to men 81
VIII. How much God desires we should love him 83
IX. How the eternal love of God prevents our hearts with his inspirations in order that we may love him 86
X. How we oftentimes repulse the inspiration, and refuse to love God 89
XI. That it is no fault of the divine goodness if we have not a most excellent love 91
XII. That divine inspirations leave us in full liberty to follow or repulse them 94
XIII. Of the first sentiments of love which divine inspirations cause in the soul before she has faith 98
XIV. Of the sentiment of the divine love which is had by faith 101
XV. Of the great sentiment of love which we receive by holy hope 104
XVI. How love is practised in hope 106
XVII. That the love which is in hope is very good, though imperfect 109
XVIII. That love is exercised in penitence, and first, that there are divers sorts of penitence 112
XIX. That penitence without love is imperfect 115
XX. How the mingling of love and sorrow takes place in contrition 117
XXI. How our Saviour’s loving attractions assist and accompany us to faith and charity 121
XXII. A short description of charity 124
BOOK III.
OF THE PROGRESS AND PERFECTION OF LOVE.
I. That holy love may be augmented still more and more in every one of us 127
II. How easy our Saviour has made the increase of love 129
III. How a soul in charity makes progress in it 132
IV. Of holy perseverance in sacred love 138
V. That the happiness of dying in heavenly charity is a special gift of God 141
VI. That we cannot attain to perfect union with God in this mortal life. 143
VII. That the charity of saints in this mortal life equals, yea sometimes surpasses, that of the blessed 145
VIII. Of the incomparable love which the Mother of God, our Blessed Lady, had 147
IX. A preparation for the discourse on the union of the blessed with God 150
X. That the preceding desire will much increase the union of the blessed with God 153
XI. Of the union of the blessed spirits with God, in the vision of the Divinity 154
XII. Of the eternal union of the blessed spirits with God, in the vision of the eternal birth of the Son of God 157
XIII. Of the union of the blessed with God in the vision of the production of the Holy Ghost 159
XIV. That the holy light of glory will serve for the union of the blessed spirits with God 161
XV. That there shall be different degrees of the union of the blessed with God 163
BOOK IV.
OF THE DECAY AND RUIN OF CHARITY.
I. That as long as we are in this mortal life we may lose the love of God 165
II. How the soul grows cold in holy love 168
III. How we forsake divine love for that of creatures 171
IV. That heavenly love is lost in a moment 174
V. That the sole cause of the decay and cooling of charity is in the creature’s will 176
VI. That we ought to acknowledge all the love we bear to God to be from God 178
VII. That we must avoid all curiosity, and humbly acquiesce in God’s most wise providence 182
VIII. An exhortation to the amorous submission which we owe to the decrees of divine providence 186
IX. Of a certain remainder of love that oftentimes rests in the soul that has lost holy charity 189
X. How dangerous this imperfect love is 192
XI. A means to discern this imperfect love 193
BOOK V.
OF THE TWO PRINCIPAL EXERCISES OF HOLY LOVE WHICH CONSIST IN COMPLACENCY AND BENEVOLENCE.
I. Of the sacred complacency of love; and first of what it consists 196
II. How by holy complacency we are made as little infants at our Saviour’s breasts 199
III. That holy complacency gives our heart to God, and makes us feel a perpetual desire in fruition 203
IV. Of the loving condolence by which the complacency of love is still better declared 207
V. Of the condolence and complacency of love in the Passion of our Lord 210
VI. Of the love of benevolence which we exercise towards our Saviour by way of desire 212
VII. How the desire to exalt and magnify God separates us from inferior pleasures, and makes us attentive to the divine perfections 215
VIII. How holy benevolence produces the praise of the divine well-beloved 217
IX. How benevolence makes us call all creatures to the praise of God 220
X. How the desire to praise God makes us aspire to heaven 222
XI. How we practise the love of benevolence in the praises which our Saviour and his Mother give to God 224
XII. Of the sovereign praise which God gives unto himself, and how we exercise benevolence in it 228
BOOK VI.
OF THE EXERCISES OF HOLY LOVE IN PRAYER.
I. A description of mystical theology, which is no other thing than prayer 231
II. Of meditation — the first degree of prayer or mystical theology 235
III. A description of contemplation, and of the first difference that there is between it and meditation 239
IV. That love in this life takes its origin but not its excellence from the knowledge of God 241
V. The second difference between meditation and contemplation 244
VI. That contemplation is made without labour, which is the third difference between it and meditation 247
VII. Of the loving recollection of the soul in contemplation 251
VIII. Of the repose of a soul recollected in her well-beloved 254
IX. How this sacred repose is practised 257
X. Of various degrees of this repose, and how it is to be preserved 259
XI. A continuation of the discourse touching the various degrees of holy quiet, and of an excellent abnegation of self which is sometimes practised therein 261
XII. Of the outflowing (escoulement) or liquefaction of the soul in God 265
XIII. Of the wound of love 268
XIV. Of some other means by which holy love wounds the heart 272
XV. Of the affectionate languishing of the heart wounded with love 275
BOOK VII.
OF THE UNION OF THE SOUL WITH HER GOD, WHICH IS PERFECTED IN PRAYER.
I. How love effects the union of the soul with God in prayer 281
II. Of the various degrees of the holy union which is made in prayer 286
III. Of the sovereign degree of union by suspension and ravishment 289
IV. Of rapture, and of the first species of it 294
V. Of the second species of rapture 295
VI. Of the signs of good rapture, and of the third species of the same 298
VII. How love is the life of the soul, and continuation of the discourse on the ecstatic life 301
VIII. An admirable exhortation of S. Paul to the ecstatic and superhuman life 304
IX. Of the supreme effect of affective love, which is the death of the lovers; and first, of such as died in love 307
X. Of those who died by and for divine love 310
XI. How some of the heavenly lovers died also of love 311
XII. Marvellous history of the death of a gentleman who died of love on Mount Olivet 314
XIII. That the most sacred Virgin Mother of God died of love for her son 318
XIV. That the glorious Virgin died by an extremely sweet and tranquil death 321
BOOK VIII.
OF THE LOVE OF CONFORMITY, BY WHICH WE UNITE OUR WILL TO THE WILL OF GOD, SIGNIFIED UNTO US BY HIS COMMANDMENTS, COUNSELS AND INSPIRATIONS.
I. Of the love of conformity proceeding from sacred complacency 325
II. Of the conformity of submission which proceeds from the love of benevolence 327
III. How we are to conform ourselves to that divine will, which is called the signified will 329
IV. Of the conformity of our will to the will which God has to save us 332
V. Of the conformity of our will to that will of God’s which is signified to us by his commandments 334
VI. Of the conformity of our will to that will of God which is signified unto us by his counsels 337
VII. That the love of God’s will signified in the commandments moves us to the love of the counsels 340
VIII. That the contempt of the evangelical counsels is a great sin 343
IX. A continuation of the preceding discourse. How every one, while bound to love, is not bound to practise, all the evangelical counsels, and yet how every one should practise what he is able 346
X. How we are to conform ourselves to God’s will signified unto us by inspirations, and first, of the variety of the means by which God inspires us 349
XI. Of the union of our will with God’s in the inspirations which are given for the extraordinary practice of virtues; and of perseverance in one’s vocation, the first mark of inspiration 352
XII. Of the union of man’s will with God’s in those inspirations which are contrary to ordinary laws; and of peace and tranquillity of heart, second mark of inspiration 356
XIII. Third mark of inspiration, which is holy obedience to the Church and superiors 359
XIV. A short method to know God’s will 362
BOOK IX.
OF THE LOVE OF SUBMISSION, WHEREBY OUR WILL IS UNITED TO GOD’S GOOD-PLEASURE.
I. Of the union of our will to that divine will which is called the will of good-pleasure 365
II. That the union of our will with the good-pleasure of God takes place principally in tribulations 367
III. Of the union of our will to the divine good-pleasure in spiritual afflictions, by resignation 371
IV. Of the union of our will to the good-pleasure of God by indifference 373
V. That holy indifference extends to all things 375
VI. Of the practice of loving indifference, in things belonging to the service of God 377
VII. Of the indifference we are to have as to our advancement in virtues 381
VIII. How we are to unite our will with God’s in the permission of sins 385
IX. How the purity of indifference is to be practised in the actions of sacred love 388
X. Means to discover when we change in the matter of this holy love 390
XI. Of the perplexity of a heart which loves without knowing whether it pleases the beloved 392
XII. How the soul amidst these interior anguishes knows not the love she bears to God: and of the most lovefull death of the will 395
XIII. How the will being dead to itself lives entirely in God’s will 398
XIV. An explanation of what has been said touching the decease of our will 400
XV. Of the most excellent exercise we can make in the interior and exterior troubles of this life, after attaining the indifference and death of the will 403
XVI. Of the perfect stripping of the soul which is united to God’s will 406
BOOK X.
OF THE COMMANDMENT OF LOVING GOD ABOVE ALL THINGS.
I. Of the sweetness of the commandment which God has given us of loving him above all things 410
II. That this divine commandment of love tends to heaven, yet is given to the faithful in this world 413
III. How, while the whole heart is employed in sacred love, yet one may love God in various ways, and also many other things together with him 414
IV. Of two degrees of perfection with which this commandment may be kept in this mortal life 418
V. Of two other degrees of greater perfection, by which we may love God above all things 421
VI. That the love of God above all things is common to all lovers 425
VII. Explanation of the preceding chapter 427
VIII. A memorable history to make clearly understood in what the force and excellence of holy love consist 430
IX. A confirmation of what has been said by a noteworthy comparison 434
X. That we are to love the divine goodness sovereignly above ourselves 437
XI. How holy charity produces the love of our neighbour 440
XII. How love produces zeal 442
XIII. How God is jealous of us 444
XIV. Of the zeal or jealousy which we have for our Lord 448
XV. Advice for the direction of holy zeal 451
XVI. That the example of certain saints who seem to have exercised their zeal with anger, makes nothing against the doctrine of the preceding chapter 455
XVII. How our Lord practised all the most excellent acts of love 460
BOOK XI.
OF THE SOVEREIGN AUTHORITY WHICH SACRED LOVE HOLDS OVER ALL THE VIRTUES, ACTIONS AND PERFECTIONS OF THE SOUL.
I. How agreeable all virtues are to God 464
II. That divine love makes the virtues immeasurably more agreeable to God than they are of their own nature 467
III. That there are some virtues which divine love raises to a higher degree of excellence than others 470
IV. That divine love more excellently sanctifies the virtues when they are practised by its order and commandment 472
V. How love spreads its excellence over the other virtues, perfecting their particular excellence 475
VI. Of the excellent value which sacred love gives to the actions which issue from itself, and to those which proceed from the other virtues 478
VII. That perfect virtues are never one without the other 481
VIII. How charity comprehends all the virtues 485
IX. That the virtues have their perfection from divine love 489
X. A digression upon the imperfection of the virtues of the pagans 491
XI. How human actions are without worth when they are done without divine love 496
XII. How holy love returning into the soul, brings back to life all the works which sin had destroyed 499
XIII. How we are to reduce all the exercise of the virtues, and all our actions to holy love 503
XIV. The practice of what has been said in the preceding chapter 506
XV. How charity contains in it the gifts of the Holy Ghost 509
XVI. Of the loving fear of spouses ; a continuation of the same subject 511
XVII. How servile fear remains together with holy love 514
XVIII. How love makes use of natural, servile and mercenary fear 516
XIX. How sacred love contains the twelve fruits of the Holy Ghost, together with the eight beatitudes of the Gospel 521
XX. How divine love makes use of all the passions and affections of the soul, and reduces them to its obedience 524
XXI. That sadness is almost always useless, yea contrary to the service of holy love 528
BOOK XII.
CONTAINING CERTAIN COUNSELS FOR THE PROGRESS OF THE SOUL IN HOLY LOVE.
I. That our progress in holy love does not depend on our natural temperament 533
II. That we are to have a continual desire to love 534
III. That to have the desire of sacred love we are to cut off all other desires 536
IV. That our lawful occupations do not hinder us from practising divine love 538
V. A very sweet example on this subject 539
VI. That we are to employ in the practice of divine love all the occasions that present themselves 540
VII. That we must take pains to do our actions very perfectly 542
VIII. A general means for applying our works to God’s service 543
IX. Of certain other means by which we may apply our works more particularly to the love of God 545
X. An exhortation to the sacrifice which we are to make to God of our free-will 548
XI. The motives we have of holy love 551
XII. A most useful method of employing these motives 552
XIII. That Mount Calvary is the academy of love 554

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